Ezra 1:2b Part 5 God’s Glory in His People

For an explanation of the strange event that nearly made me abandon this site, read here. The following post was mostly written at that point, and I will wrap up the “temple” set today, so I can move on to the next passage in Ezra.

“…to build Him a house…”(Ezra 1:2b)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

Jesus is the builder and cornerstone of a new, living temple. Everyone who trusts in Jesus is part of that temple, and God has filled us with His Spirit.


heading2 people places

various prophets before, during, and after the exile

Places:
God’s house

heading3 events

– Cyrus decrees that the God of heaven has appointed him to build Him a house.

heading4 inquire

Reviewing the Ark of the Covenant:
– it was a small box, and the tablets of the Law were inside it
– God’s glory was over it, like a cloud or a fire
– the terms of the Covenant were basically:
1) the people would obey the Law, and
2) God’s glorious presence would stay with them, without destroying them
– The Ark of the Covenant had to be covered with blood, because the people had not obeyed the Law


After the Ark disappeared, did God abandon the Covenant with His people, since there was no way to cover the broken Law with blood anymore?

Jesus is the messenger of a new covenant. The blood that covers the broken Law — once for all time — is His own blood.

“I will send my messenger, who will prepare the way before me. Then suddenly the LORD you are seeking will come to his temple; the messenger of the covenant, whom you desire, will come,” says the LORD Almighty.”
(Malachi 3:1 NIV)

“And when [Jesus] had taken a cup and given thanks, He gave it to them, saying, ‘Drink from it, all of you; for this is My blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for forgiveness of sins.'”
(Matthew 26:27-28 NIV)


Since there is a new covenant, will God still live in a temple?

Zechariah, a prophet during the rebuilding of the second temple, said a coming king would build a temple:

“…a man whose name is Branch [a recognized term for the promised ruler] will build the temple of the LORD… and sit and rule on His throne… He will be a priest on His throne… Those who are far off will come and build the temple of the LORD…” (Zechariah 6:12-13, 15 NASB)


There would be a new cornerstone:

“…I am laying in Zion a stone, a tested stone,
A costly cornerstone for the foundation, firmly placed.
He who believes in it will not be disturbed.”

(Isaiah 28:16 NASB)

“The stone the builders rejected
has become the cornerstone…”

(Psalm 118:22 NIV)



The New Testament says that anyone who rests on Jesus, the cornerstone, is part of a new living temple:

“As you come to him, the living Stone — rejected by humans but chosen by God and precious to him — you also, like living stones, are being built into a spiritual house to be a holy priesthood, offering spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.”

“…you are… members of his household… with Christ Jesus himself as the chief cornerstone. In him the whole building is joined together and rises to become a holy temple in the Lord. And in him you too are being built together to become a dwelling in which God lives by his Spirit.”
(Ephesians 2:19-22 NIV)


Would God fill the living temple with visible glory, like He filled the tabernacle and the first temple?

After Jesus went back to heaven, God’s glory filled the new, living temple with a visible sign of His glory.

“Suddenly a sound like the blowing of a violent wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting. They saw what seemed to be tongues of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other [languages] as the Spirit enabled them.”
(Acts 2:2-4)


This is a fulfillment of prophecy:

“…I will pour out my Spirit on all people
Even on my servants, both men and women,
I will pour out my Spirit in those days.
…And everyone who calls
on the name of the Lord will be saved…”

(Joel 2:28-29, 32 NIV)

“…I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit in you… I will put my Spirit in you and move you to follow my decrees and be careful to keep my laws… I will make a covenant of peace with them; it will be an everlasting covenant… My dwelling place will be with them…”
(Ezekiel 36:26-27, 37:26-27 NIV)

“…I will make a new covenant… not like the covenant which I made with their fathers… which they broke… But this is the covenant which I will make… I will put My law within them… they will all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them…” (Jeremiah 31:31-34 NASB)



Since these prophecies have been fulfilled, is this the way things will always be — the way they are now?

Prophecies about the future are difficult to understand.

The prophecies had said people from many nations would be included in the new temple. This has happened — anyone from any nation can rest on Jesus the cornerstone and become part of the living temple.

But these prophecies are mixed up with prophecies about how the temple will look when Jesus returns again and establishes His kingdom on earth.

“‘…Jerusalem will be inhabited without walls because of the multitude of men and cattle within it. For I,’ declares the LORD, ‘will be a wall of fire around her, and I will be the glory in her midst… Many nations will join themselves to the LORD in that day and will become My people. Then I will dwell in your midst…'”
(Zechariah 2:4-5, 11 NASB)

“Also the foreigners who join themselves to the LORD… every one who… holds fast My covenant… My house will be called a house of prayer for all the peoples.”
(Isaiah 56:6-7 NASB)

“…my Spirit remains among you… what is desired by all nations will come, and I will fill this house with glory… The glory of this present house will be greater than the glory of the former house… And in this place I will grant peace…”
(Haggai 2:3-9 NIV)

“Then the Lord will create over all of Mount Zion and over those who assemble there a cloud of smoke by day and a glow of flaming fire by night; over everything the glory will be a canopy. It will be a shelter and shade from the heat of the day, and a refuge and hiding place from the storm and rain.”
(Isaiah 4:5-6 NIV)


And just to mix things up, the New Testament says Jesus Himself is the temple:

“’Look! God’s dwelling place is now among the people, and he will dwell with them.’

I did not see a temple in the city, because the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb [Jesus] are its temple. The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God gives it light, and the Lamb is its lamp.”
(Revelation 21:3, 22-23 NIV)

“Jesus answered them, ‘Destroy this temple, and I will raise it again in three days.’

They replied, ‘It has taken forty-six years to build this temple [described in Ezra], and you are going to raise it in three days?’ But the temple he had spoken of was his body. After he was raised from the dead, his disciples recalled what he had said…”
(John 2:19-22 NIV)


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When I see the way the prophecies have been fulfilled in the past, I know I can trust that every detail is important. Even if I don’t understand exactly how everything will happen, I know all of it will be fulfilled. It might just happen on a much different timeline than it seems…

The most important thing is that Jesus fills everything in every way.

I need to keep seeking Him with my whole heart, reading the Bible, and trusting the Holy Spirit to help me understand what I need to know — and to let my life be changed by it.

“…Not many of you were wise by human standards; not many were influential; not many were of noble birth. But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise…
you are in Christ Jesus, who has become for us wisdom from God…”

(1 Corinthians 1:26-30 NIV)



If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…keep seeking Jesus with my whole heart.


heading6 pray

God,
Everything in Your Word is summed up in one Word: Jesus. He is all I need — my temple, my covenant, my blood covering, my priest, my king, and my wisdom from God.
For Jesus, who fills everything in every way, Amen.

Ezra 1:2b Part 4 God’s Glory on a Mountain

“…to build Him a house…”(Ezra 1:2b)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

God’s glory leaves the temple. It is seen in the form of a man coming in a cloud.

heading2 people places

People:
various prophets before, during, and after the exile

Places:
God’s house

heading3 events

(We are still on the verse where Cyrus says God appointed him to rebuild the temple — just exploring the great significance of this.)


heading4 inquire

Where did God plan for His glory to dwell after Ark of the Covenant went missing?

In a vision, the prophet Ezekiel saw God’s glory in a huge cloud. A man was in the cloud:

“As I looked… a storm wind was coming from the north, a great cloud with fire flashing…

…there was something resembling a throne…

…high up, was a figure with the appearance of a man… I saw something like fire; and there was a radiance around Him. As the appearance of the rainbow in the clouds on a rainy day, so was the appearance of the surrounding radiance. Such was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the LORD…”
(Ezekiel 1:4, 26-28 NASB)


Ezekiel saw this glory leave the temple and go to a mountain to the east.

“Then the glory of the Lord departed from over the threshold of the temple… stopped at the entrance of the east gate of the LORD’s house… went up from within the city and stopped above the mountain east of it.”
(Ezekiel 10:18-19, 11:23)


What is this “east mountain”?

The Mount of Olives is a ridge of mountains to the east of Jerusalem.

Zechariah, a prophet who encouraged the workers during the rebuilding of the temple, described the return of the LORD on the Mount of Olives.

“In that day His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives, which is in front of Jerusalem on the east… the LORD, my God, will come…!”
(Zechariah 14:4-5 NASB)

Zechariah also said:

“…your king is coming to you… with salvation,
Humble, and mounted on a donkey,
Even on a colt, the foal of a donkey…”

(Zechariah 9:9-14)


Did God’s glory come to the Mount of Olives?

A few days before His death, Jesus rode on the foal of a donkey down the Mount of Olives, with crowds shouting that He was the King they had been expecting.
(Matthew 21:1-17; Mark 11:1-11; Luke 19:29-40; John 12:12-19).

(The significance of this will be explored more in Ezra 3, when the temple foundation is placed and the people are shouting.)


After His death and resurrection, Jesus was carried in a cloud, up from the Mount of Olives.

“…a cloud received Him out of their sight…

…two men in white clothing… said,

‘…Jesus, who has been taken up from you into heaven, will come in just the same way as you have watched Him go into heaven.’

Then they [the disciples] returned to Jerusalem from the mount called Olivet…”
(Acts 1:9-12 NASB)


Was God’s glory in the temple a thing of the past? Why build it?

God’s presence did come to the second temple, in the form of Jesus.

“The Son is the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of his being…”
(Hebrews 1:2 NIV)

Jesus was recognized by a couple people who had dedicated their lives to seeking Him with their whole hearts.

“When the parents brought in the child Jesus [into the temple]… Simeon took him in his arms and praised God, saying:

‘Sovereign Lord, as you have promised, you may now dismiss your servant in peace. For my eyes have seen your salvation, which you have prepared in the sight of all nations: a light for revelation to the Gentiles, and the glory of your people Israel.’”
(Luke 2:26-32 NIV)


Will God’s glory always be so hidden that only true seekers find it?

The Old Testament prophecies tell about God coming with a glory that all people will see at once — with terrain-altering earthquakes and other signs.

“I will send my messenger, who will prepare the way before me. Then suddenly the LORD you are seeking will come to his temple; the messenger of the covenant, whom you desire, will come,” says the LORD Almighty.

But who can endure the day of his coming? Who can stand when he appears? For he will be like a refiner’s fire or a launderer’s soap.”
(Malachi 3:1-2 NIV)



“…In the wilderness prepare the way for the LORD; make straight in the desert a highway for our God. Every valley shall be raised up, every mountain and hill made low; the rough ground shall become level, the rugged places a plain. And the glory of the Lord will be revealed, and all people will see it together…”
(Isaiah 40:3-5 NIV)


Jesus gave a long teaching on the Mount of Olives called the Olivet discourse. It was there that He described to His disciples the destruction of the second temple (which happened in 70 AD). He also described His second coming:

“…as lightning that comes from the east is visible even in the west, so will be the coming of the Son of Man… all the peoples of the earth will mourn when they see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven, with power and great glory.”
(Matthew 24:27, 30)



Years after Jesus left, one of his disciples saw this vision:

“’The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Messiah, and he will reign for ever and ever.’

…Then God’s temple in heaven was opened, and within his temple was seen the ark of his covenant. And there came flashes of lightning, rumblings, peals of thunder, an earthquake and a severe hailstorm.”
(Revelation 11:15, 19 NIV)



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These prophecies are scary and strange. They sound like a conspiracy theory, or like something out of a sci-fi movie.

The prophet Isaiah said, “Who has believed our message?” (Isaiah 53:1) That’s how it feels to read about these things and describe them. They seem fantastical, even fanatical.

Many of the Old Testament prophecies have already been fulfilled — especially the prophecies in Daniel 9, which predicted:
1) the timing of Jesus’ first coming
2) the timing of His death, and
3) the timing of the destruction of the second temple.
It all happened right on schedule.

If those things happened, I need to pay attention to the prophecies that haven’t been fulfilled yet — because they will happen, too.

Even though I can’t fully understand these things — and they tend to scare me — I still need to be familiar with what is written, so I can recognize what’s taking place when it happens.

It sounds like it will be hard to miss anyway!

If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…rest on God’s mercy, because I don’t know everything that will happen.


heading6 pray

God,
You know I have skeptical tendencies. Especially when I hadn’t been seeking You in the Bible, it was easy to wonder whether You even existed. Reading the prophecies and then recognizing their fulfillment in history gave me a reason to trust the truth of the Bible. I have no idea how much time is left before Jesus comes again, and it still feels a little crazy to think about it actually happening — earthquakes and apocalypse and all. I need Your mercy and compassion for my inability to wrap my mind around it. I want to be one who is gathered up as a friend, follower, and seeker of Jesus.
For the sake of the Son You love so much, Amen.

References:
What is the Olivet Discourse?

Ezra 1:2b Part 3 God’s Presence in the Temple

“…to build Him a house…”(Ezra 1:2b)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

God’s glory was revealed very visibly with 1) a cloud and 2) fire. That was how He signaled that He had moved into His Earthly dwellings.

When the Ark of the Covenant went missing, God’s glory went into hiding.


heading2 people places

Places:
God’s house

heading3 events

– Cyrus decrees that the God of heaven has appointed him to build Him a house.


heading4 inquire

How could the Israelites know God was “dwelling” with them in His house?

1. When Moses brought the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt, God’s presence led them through the desert.

The presence was seen by the people — in a cloud by day and fire by night.

“By day the LORD went ahead of them in a pillar of cloud… and by night in a pillar of fire… Neither the pillar of cloud by day nor the pillar of fire by night left its place in front of the people.”
(Exodus 13:21-22)


2. When Moses built the tabernacle (tent to hold the Ark of the Covenant), no one had to do much seeking to find God’s presence.

“He took the tablets of the covenant law and placed them in the ark [of the Covenant]…

Then he brought the ark into the tabernacle…

Then the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle. Moses could not enter the tent of meeting because the cloud had settled on it, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle… So the cloud of the LORD was over the tabernacle by day, and fire was in the cloud by night, in the sight of all the Israelites during all their travels.” (Exodus 40:20-21, 34-38)


3. And when the first temple was complete, no one had to do much seeking to find God’s presence.

“The priests then brought the ark of the LORD’s covenant to its place in the inner sanctuary of the temple… Then the temple of the LORD was filled with the cloud, and the priests could not perform their service because of the cloud, for the glory of the LORD filled the temple of God…

Then Solomon said, ‘The Lord has said that he would dwell in a dark cloud…’

When Solomon finished praying, fire came down from heaven… and the glory of the Lord filled the temple. The priests could not enter the temple of the Lord because the glory of the Lord filled it. When all the Israelites saw the fire coming down and the glory of the Lord above the temple, they knelt… and they worshiped…”
(2 Chronicles 5:7, 13-14; 6:1; 7:1-3)


4. Before construction even began on the second temple, Jeremiah warned the people they would have to look for God this time.

“I will come to you and fulfill my good promise to bring you back to this place… You will seek me and find me when you seek me with all your heart. I will be found by you…”
(Jeremiah 29:10, 13-14)


Other prophets talked about the mysterious absence of God’s glorious presence.

“‘Who of you is left who saw this house in its former glory? How does it look to you now? Does it not seem to you like nothing? But now be strong… all you people of the land… I am with you… This is what I covenanted with you when you came out of Egypt. And my
Spirit remains among you… I will fill this house with glory…'”

(Haggai 2:3-8)



Another prophet during the exile saw (in a vision) God’s glory leaving the temple and going somewhere else!

“…a cloud filled the inner court [of the temple in the vision]…

Then the glory of the Lord rose… and moved to the threshold of the temple. The cloud filled the temple, and the court was full of the radiance of the glory of the Lord…

Then the glory of the Lord departed from over the threshold of the temple…

The glory of the Lord went up from within the city and stopped above the mountain east of it.”
(Ezekiel 10:3-4, 18; 11:23)



More about that mountain next time…



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I live in a time where I don’t physically see God’s glory. I experience His Spirit, undoubtedly. But I can’t point to any visible cloud or fire and say, “See, God is real!”

In the Bible, there are so many stories of miracles that it seems like they happened all the time. But the Bible was written over a period of approximately 1,500 years. It tells about a dark times, too, like during Ezra’s life. God should have shown up miraculously in the second temple. But He didn’t. The Law was broken, the Covenant was broken, the Ark was missing, and God’s presence was hidden.

There is still the promise that His Spirit is there.

I just have to seek with all my heart. He promises He is still there, I will find Him, and His plan will be glorious.

If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…desperately wish I had more time to figure out how to communicate — clearly, simply — the incredible wealth of meaning hidden in God’s Word.


heading6 pray

God,
I am utterly overwhelmed by the treasures You have hidden in Your Word. I spend hours and hours searching, and with every layer I pull back, I’m blown away by the message You disguised in the simplest of stories — even in the bent “bow” that You set in the clouds after Noah’s flood, as a signal of a new covenant. How in the world can I condense this? How will people really see it? Already I’m failing, and I can only depend on You to glorify Yourself.
For the sake of Jesus, who leaves me speechless.
Amen.

References:
www.blueletterbible.org
All verses are NIV unless otherwise noted.

Ezra1:2b Part 2 The Temple and the Covenant

Passage: Ezra 1:2b-3

“…to build Him a house…”(Ezra 1:2b)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

God’s house/temple on Earth was a symbol of a Covenant
— an agreement with His people that His presence would stay with them.

The temple was destroyed when God’s people rejected Him, but He had not forgotten His part of the promise.


heading2 people places

Places:
God’s house

heading3 events

– Cyrus decreed that God had appointed him to build Him a house.

heading4 inquire

Was Cyrus the first to build God a “house” on Earth?

1. Moses built the tabernacle according to God’s specifications:
– a tent that could be easily moved in the desert
– contained the Ark of the Covenant (see below)

“…have them make a sanctuary for me, and I will dwell among them. Make this tabernacle and all its furnishings exactly like the pattern I will show you.” (Exodus 25:8-9)

“Then I will dwell among the Israelites and be their God.” (Exodus 29:45)



2. King Solomon built the first stationary temple:
– after peace had been established in the capital city of Jerusalem
– also contained the Ark of the Covenant (see below)
– was destroyed by King Nebuchadnezzar of the Babylonians
– the articles that were not destroyed were taken by Babylon

“The word of the LORD came to Solomon: ‘As for this temple you are building, if you follow my decrees, observe my laws and keep all my commands and obey them… I will live among the Israelites…”
(2 Samuel 7:11-12)



3. This study of the book of Ezra will take us through the rebuilding of a smaller, second temple:
– completed around 350 BC
– never contained the Ark of the Covenant (maybe destroyed by Babylon; see below)
– the second temple was destroyed again in 70 AD, a few decades after Jesus’ life on earth



What was the Ark of the Covenant?

The Ark of the Covenant was a small wooden box (4′ x 2′ x 2.5′).

Inside were the stone tablets that were engraved with the Ten Commandments that God had given to Moses.

The lid of the box had a gold plate over it, called the “atonement cover” (often translated “mercy seat”). The priests would sprinkle blood over this plate. God, whose presence was over the Ark, would see the blood, covering over the Law that the people had broken. The blood would atone for the people’s sins, and God would have mercy.

(Note: The “ark” of the covenant is not the same Hebrew word used for Noah’s “Ark” — although God did tell Noah to “cover” that ark with a “covering.” (A pitch covering is implied.) The word for “atonement cover” (mercy seat) comes from the word used for the command to “cover” Noah’s ark. And the word “covering” (translated “pitch”) usually refers to the ransom of a life, i.e., a blood covering.)


Did the disappearance of the Ark of the Covenant indicate a failure or weakness in God’s plan?

Years before the temple was destroyed and its artifacts confiscated, Jeremiah prophesied:

“‘In those days, when your numbers have increased greatly in the land,’ declares the LORD, ‘people will no longer say, “The ark of the covenant of the Lord.” It will never enter their minds or be remembered; it will not be missed, nor will another one be made.'”
(Jeremiah 3:16)

More about this tomorrow…


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The details of the tabernacle, two temples, and the ark of the covenant can be overwhelming.

In a nutshell, God wants to live with the people He created.

They had to make a Covenant first — which reminds me of a prenuptial agreement. The deal was that they would obey His law, and He would live among them and never abandon them.

They broke their part of the agreement, as everyone has broken God’s Law. At the destruction of the temple, it appeared that God had let the Covenant go, abandoning His people — especially because the Ark of the Covenant went missing.

But God does not go back on His promises, ever.

“…if we are faithless,
he remains faithful,
for he cannot disown himself…”

(2 Timothy 2:13)

“‘Return, faithless Israel…
for I am faithful,’ declares the LORD…
‘…I am your husband…'”

(Jeremiah 3:12-14)

No matter what I’ve done, I can always turn back to God. I should never believe that He has abandoned me.



If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…make sure my family knows I will never abandon them. Even if they’ve made me upset, they are always welcome.

heading6 pray

God,
I have turned away from You again and again, doing things that aren’t healthy or good. My guilt piles up, which makes me believe I should stay away from You — when You are the only One who can fix what I’m doing wrong. The truth is that my broken Law has been permanently covered by the blood of Your own Son. Your presence is always available to me, guilt-free. Thank you for Your life-changing friendship and commitment to me.
For Jesus, whose blood covers the broken Law,
Amen.

References:
https://bible.org/question/what-was-ark-covenant-and-was-it-real
All verses are NIV unless otherwise noted.

Ezra 1:2b Part 1 Where Does God Live?

Passage: Ezra 1:2b-3

“…to build Him a house…”(Ezra 1:2b)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

We will hang out at God’s house for a few days, learning what we can.

And it’s not at a building that can be demolished by humans.

heading2 people places

Places:
God’s house

heading3 events

– Cyrus decrees that the God of heaven has appointed him to build Him a house.

heading4 inquire

Where does God live?

“But will God really dwell on earth? The heavens, even the highest heaven, cannot contain you. How much less this temple I have built! .. Hear from heaven, your dwelling place…”
(1 Kings 8:27, 30 NIV)

“‘Who can hide in secret places so that I cannot see them?’ declares the LORD. ‘Do not I fill heaven and earth?’ declares the LORD.”
(Jeremiah 23:24 NIV)

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God’s home cannot be destroyed. It is beyond the reach of humans.

I can rest secure that I worship a God who is bigger and more powerful than I can imagine.

If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…be excited about seeing another place where God lives.

heading6 pray

God,
Thank you for Your interest in finite people. You and Your dwelling are infinite. No human is powerful enough to shake that.
For the sake of Jesus, who became finite for our sake, Amen.

References:
All verses are NASB unless otherwise noted.

Ezra 1c-2a Awakened from the Rising of the Sun

Passage: Ezra 1:1b-2a

“… the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he sent a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying: ‘Thus says Cyrus king of Persia, “The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and He has appointed me…”‘” (Ezra 1:1b-2a)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

The same God who stirs up world leaders to accomplish His purposes is able to wake me up to do His work.

heading2 people places

People:
Cyrus — name means “the sun”
The LORD, the God of heaven — a way of referring to God that is used almost exclusively in the time after the exile
(Maybe this is an example of “cultural relevance,” as it would have been a way to help foreign kings, who worshiped visible statues, to wrap their minds around who the invisible God is.)

heading3 events

– The LORD stirs up the spirit of Cyrus.
– Cyrus sends out a proclamation and has it written.
– Cyrus says the LORD has given him all kingdoms and has appointed him…

heading4 inquire

What does it mean that God “stirred up the spirit” of Cyrus?

“stirred” — Hebrew `uwr — awaken, rouse oneself, incite


This word is used in verses like:

“Awake, awake, Deborah; Awake, awake, sing a song!”
(Judges 5:12)

“…yes, I will sing praises! Awake, my glory! Awake, harp and lyre! I will awaken the dawn.” (Psalms 57:7-8)

“He awakens Me morning by morning, He awakens My ear to listen as a disciple.”
(Isaiah 50:4)



More often, it is used to describe the stirring up of political leaders against each other. The prophets Isaiah and Jeremiah used this word.

Keep in mind that Cyrus can mean “sun”:

“I have aroused [`uwr] one from the north, and he has come;
From the rising of the sun he will call on My name;
And he will come upon rulers as upon mortar,
[defeating Babylon] Even as the potter treads clay.”
(Isaiah 41:25)

“‘I have aroused [`uwr] him in righteousness
And I will make all his ways smooth;
He will build My city and will let My exiles go free,
Without any payment or reward,’ says the LORD of hosts.”
(Isaiah 45:13)


Even Cyrus is subject to the God who made the sun.

“Thus says the Lord to Cyrus His anointed,
Whom I have taken by the right hand,
To subdue nations before him…
‘I will give you… treasures… And hidden wealth…
So that you may know that it is I…
who calls you by your name…
though you have not known Me;
That men may know from the rising to the setting of the sun
That there is no one besides Me.”

(Isaiah 45:1-6)


The word `uwr will be repeated very soon in Ezra, just a few verses later:

“…everyone whose spirit God had stirred [`uwr] to go up and rebuild the house of the LORD which is in Jerusalem.” ( Ezra 1:5)



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God is in control of the nations and its rulers. He is able to stir their spirits and call them to action. This is for the fulfillment of His Story.

Like many prophecies, the ones about Cyrus had both an immediate fulfillment and a Messianic fulfillment. Jesus ultimately came to set captives free from the prison of sin, to build the church up into a living house for God.

I can trust that God is going to accomplish His purposes, no matter what world events look like. He is passionate about His people and His house – and He draws “outsiders” (like me) into His Story. He will build up His house, in His time, according to His plan.

If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…wake up early and write a song.

heading6 pray

God,
Help me use my time wisely, as You direct the course of my life. Give me a bigger vision for what You are doing, and please include me in Your plan. Make me aware of others You are drawing to Yourself. Keep me sensitive to the ways Your Spirit stirs my spirit.
For Jesus, who awakens me morning by morning, Amen.

References:
Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament (1980)
www.blueletterbible.org
All verses are NASB unless otherwise noted.

Ezra 1:1b What is Prophecy?

” …in order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah… “ (Ezra 1:1b)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

God gave prophecies to warn people to turn back to Him. When they didn’t, and disaster came, He gave more prophecies to encourage them through the disaster.

The prophecies point to events of that time as well as to events far into the future, even into eternity.

heading2 people places

The LORD — “The LORD” (all capital) is the substitute that most Bible translations use for God’s personal name in Hebrew. Hebrew writing leaves out the vowels, so God’s name is written “YHWH” (probably pronounced Yihweh or Yahweh). The name comes from a word that means “to be” or “to exist”. In Exodus 3:14, God tells Moses what His name is: “I am who I am.” He exists.

The Voice version of the Bible translates YHWH as “Eternal One” instead of “the LORD.” This seems to convey the meaning of God’s name more accurately: infinite existence.


Jeremiah — a prophet who lived in the Southern Kingdom after the time of the prophet Isaiah. (Isaiah foretold about Cyrus; see yesterday’s post.)

Jeremiah warned his people that they would be conquered and taken captive by the Babylonians. Jeremiah was also captured, but the Babylonians let him go because of his prophecies against Jerusalem.

Jeremiah continued to send letters of more encouraging prophecy to those in captivity.



heading3 events

– The events that are about to happen in the book of Ezra will fulfill Jeremiah’s prophecy.


heading4 inquire

What was Jeremiah’s prophecy?

Jeremiah left a long book of prophecies. Some are easily recognized as being fulfilled in the immediate sense of his time:

“I will send to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, My servant, and will bring them against this land… This whole land will be a desolation and a horror, and these nations will serve the king of Babylon seventy years. ‘Then it will be when seventy years are completed I will punish the king of Babylon…”
(Jeremiah 25:9, 11-12)

“I am going to arouse and bring up against Babylon
A horde of great nations from the land of the north
[Persian empire],
And they will draw up their battle lines against her;
From there she
[Babylon] will be taken captive…”
(Jeremiah 50:9)

“I am going to punish the king of Babylon and his land, just as I punished the king of Assyria. And I will bring Israel back… I will pardon those whom I leave as a remnant.'”
(Jeremiah 50:17-20)

“The fall of Jerusalem and destruction of the Temple in 587 B.C. was a dangerous time for the faith of Old Testament saints. Jeremiah… helped to put this tragedy in proper perspective as part of the long-range plan of God. The promise of return from distant lands of exile was for them the prelude to the glorious age of Messiah.”
(Smith, 10)



Did the prophets know the future?

“Those to whom prophetic visions were granted often did not know what they meant.”
(Smith, 23)

“…When there is a prophet among you, I, the LORD, reveal myself to them in visions, I speak to them in dreams. …in riddles…”
(Numbers 12:6, 8 NIV)

“The prophets sometimes said more than they intended to say or thought they were saying… Scripture affirms that the writers themselves did not always fully comprehend their own utterances.”
(Smith, 21)

“Predictive prophecy is not intended to be history written in advance. ‘God does not propose to gratify idle curiosity by writing history beforehand… God has been able to write prophecy so it can be read after it is fulfilled, but not generally before.'”
(Smith, 9-10)



Do the prophecies still have any meaning for people today?

Prophecies often had more than one fulfillment, or they were fulfilled in more than one phase. Many Old Testament prophecies are still only partially fulfilled.

“Prophecy is a lock. It needs the Master Key. The first advent [fulfillment] unlocks a number of chambers. The key to the entire system is not given until the second advent.”
(Smith, 22-23)

“The prophets often saw future events as one sees stars in the night sky. The stars are millions of miles apart, but they appear to the observer to be contiguous…

Briggs describes this facet of prediction when he writes:

The prophet stands as it were upon a lofty mountain. Far in the distance, beyond the range that bound the horizon of his generation, he sees the goal of the journey. But he cannot see all the hills and valleys, the rocks and streams and the lesser mountain ranges which intervene between him and the predicted goal.”
(Smith, 23-24)



Do we get to see prophecies fulfilled?

“The prophets who told us [that Jesus] was coming asked a lot of questions… They clamored to know who and when. All they were told was that they were serving you… [who] have now heard for yourselves — through the Holy Spirit — the Message of those prophecies fulfilled.

Do you realize how fortunate you are?

Angels would have given anything to be in on this!
(1 Peter 1:10-12 MSG)



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Every time I open my Bible and read about Jesus, I get to see the miracle of prophecy fulfilled.

No matter what happens, I know that God has everything planned in advance. He exists eternally and is not limited by time. Nothing that happens in my life is a surprise to Him.

There are many more prophecies that haven’t been fulfilled yet. If I become familiar with them, I can be comforted about future events and recognize God’s work when it happens.


If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…simply trust that God already knows and has things under control.



heading6 pray

God,
Thank You for fulfilled prophecy, which saved my faith when I was doubting. Help me not to miss what You are doing. In everything that happens, help me remember that You’ve seen it all in advance and have it all planned.
For Jesus, who existed from eternity and who was promised from the beginning of time,
Amen.

References:
Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament (1980)
Smith, James E. What the Bible Teaches About the Promised Messiah. Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1993.
www.blueletterbible.org
All verses are NASB unless otherwise noted.

Ezra 1:1a Long-Awaited King

Passage: Ezra 1:1a

“Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia… “ (Ezra 1:1a)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

God raised up the great, generous Cyrus to rescue His people.
Cyrus was just an agent of God’s kindness.
All good things come ultimately from God, not from humans.

heading2 people places

People:
Cyrus II — king of Persia, ended Jewish captivity in Babylon,
name means “the sun”

Places:
Persia — empire that “encompassed the territory from India on the east to Egypt and Thrace on the west” (ref)

heading3 events

– Cyrus conquers Babylon and assumes rule over Babylon’s conquests, including Israel.

heading4 inquire

Who was “Cyrus the Great” in secular history?

“In October 539 BCE, the Persian king Cyrus took Babylon, the ancient capital of an oriental empire covering modern Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel.”
(ref)

What kind of king was he?

“This emperor proclaimed at the pinnacle of his power… that he ‘would not reign over the people if they did not wish it’. He promised not to force any person to change his religion and faith and guaranteed freedom for all.”

– Shirin Abadi, 2003 Nobel Peace Prize recipient, ref

“Cyrus instituted the enlightened policy of placating the gods of his subject peoples rather than carrying off their cult statues as the Assyrians, Elamites, Hittites, and Babylonians had done before.

His generosity to the Jews was paralleled by his benevolence to the Babylonians.”

– Gæbelein, Frank E. Expositor’s Bible Commentary, Vol. 4, Zondervan, 1988, p. 602.

What does the Bible say about Cyrus’ greatness?

“This is what the LORD says… of Cyrus,
He is my shepherd and will accomplish all that I please;
he will say of Jerusalem, “Let it be rebuilt,”
and of the temple, “Let its foundations be laid.”’

“This is what the Lord says to his anointed, to Cyrus,
whose right hand I take hold of to subdue nations before him
and to strip kings of their armor,
to open doors before him so that gates will not be shut:
I will go before you and will level the mountains;
I will break down gates of bronze and cut through bars of iron.
I will give you hidden treasures, riches stored in secret places,
so that you may know that I am the LORD, the God of Israel,
who summons you by name.

For the sake of Jacob my servant, of Israel my chosen,
I summon you by name and bestow on you a title of honor,
though you do not acknowledge me.
I am the LORD, and there is no other;
apart from me there is no God.
I will strengthen you, though you have not acknowledged me
I bring prosperity and create disaster; I, the LORD, do all these things.'”

(Isaiah 44:24-45:7, NIV)


The verse above says Cyrus is God’s “anointed.”
This is the same word as “Messiah.”
Today, Messiah usually refers to the ruler (Jesus) who was promised repeatedly from the beginning of Scripture.

Was Cyrus actually “the” Messiah?

“[Anointed] may designate an office such as the high priest [but] is almost exclusively reserved as a synonym for ‘king’…”

“…Cyrus was a worshiper of Marduk and other pagan deities. Yet Cyrus was the Lord’s appointee for a definite task. The Isaiah passage [above] suggests that [Messiah] be understood as one singled out… for a task, characteristically one of deliverance – a deliverance of Israel from their Babylonian captors returning them to their homeland…”

“…the coming Son of David [Jesus] is seldom called Messiah in the OT… Many other designations are used (Branch, Shoot, Son of David, etc.)… It should be stressed, however, that the OT did employ the term [Messiah] to designate the coming Savior, Jesus.”

– Harris, R. Laird, et al. Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament, Moody, 1980, p. 531.

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Sometimes I am tempted to run to people to rescue me, when I’m discouraged. God can use people to give encouragement — like He used King Cyrus — but ultimately, the encouragement comes from God.

“Every generous act of giving and every perfect gift is from above and comes down from the Father…” (James 1:17, ISV)

When I have needs, I can ask God to meet them. He is happy when I remember to thank Him, even if He brought other people to lift me back up.


If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…ask God to show me how He can use me to encourage someone.

heading6 pray

God,
I wish I had the kindness, wisdom, generosity, people skills, and ability to manage impressive resources, which are attributed to King Cyrus. Cyrus is clearly used in the Bible as an example of what Jesus’ leadership is like. Teach me my own role in Your kingdom, and — as You did with King Cyrus — provide me with whatever I need to accomplish Your purposes for me.
For the sake of deliverance of the oppressed,
Amen.

References:
All verses are NASB unless otherwise noted.

Ezra: Two Lions and Their Tamer

Three Foreign Kings:

“Israel is a scattered flock, the lions have driven them away.

[1] The first one who devoured him was the king of Assyria,

[2] and this last one who has broken his bones is Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon.

Therefore thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel:

[3] ‘Behold, I am going to punish the king of Babylon and his land, just as I punished the king of Assyria.

And I will bring Israel back… I will pardon those whom I leave as a remnant.'”

(Jeremiah 50:17-20)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

Jeremiah descried the terrible punishment of Israel at the hands of two kings. Then he foretold their restoration through a third king who was coming. In the time of restoration, God asks His people to make the effort to seek Him with their whole hearts.

heading2 people places

Three Foreign Kings
1. (first lion) king of Assyria — conquered the Ten Northern Tribes
2. (last lion) King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon — conquered the Southern Kingdom of Judah (also conquered Assyria)
3. (lion tamer/punisher) King Cyrus of Persia — conquered Babylon
(more about Cyrus tomorrow)

heading3 events

Northern Kingdom of Israel:
1. stops following God.
2. gets conquered by ruthless Assyria.

Southern Kingdom:
3. stops following God.
4. gets conquered by Babylon.
(Babylon also conquers ruthless Assyria.)

5. Babylon gets conquered by Persia (the “punisher” in the prophecy above).

6. Persia lets anyone from the Southern Kingdom return to their land.
7. The book of Ezra begins with the return of some of the survivors from the Southern Kingdom.

heading4 inquire

How can a loving, forgiving God punish and destroy entire groups of people in the Old Testament?

When I hear news reports about unthinkable cruelty (especially to children), I want justice. This is a natural desire — it comes from the God of justice, who made me.

The nations of the Old Testament were horrifically cruel, ruthless, and evil. Both the Northern and Southern Kingdoms of Israel had started following the ways of those nations — including child sacrifice! The God of justice couldn’t sit back and watch without intervening.

This article gives more explanation about the reason for war in the Old Testament. It ends with these reassuring verses (also from the OT):

“Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love.
For he does not willingly bring affliction or grief to anyone.”

(Lamentations 3:32-33, NIV)

A future with no more war:
“[God will] settle things fairly between nations…
No more will nation fight nation;
they won’t play war anymore.”

(Isaiah 2:4, The Message)


Did God cause suffering in my life to punish me?

Jesus suffered grief, loss, and difficulty, even though He never did anything wrong. Then He died a cruel death. His death was the punishment for our sins. For anyone who relies on Jesus’ payment, there is no more punishment left from God, because Jesus took it all.

God still uses difficulty to teach, train, and refine people. This isn’t punishment, but preparation for His work. Being trained by suffering requires deep trust.

All discipline for the moment seems not to be joyful, but sorrowful; yet to those who have been trained by it, afterwards it yields the peaceful fruit of righteousness.” (Hebrews 12:11)

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Sometimes it’s confusing to make sense of my life, just as it’s confusing to make sense of the Bible. Why doesn’t God fix the world all at once?

After the Jewish people had been taken captive, Jeremiah sent them a letter from God:

“'[After] seventy years… I will… bring you back to this place. You will seek Me and find Me when you search for Me with all your heart. I will be found by you,’ declares the Lord, ‘and I will restore your fortunes…'”
(Jeremiah 29:10-14)

God is the only one who can make sense of my life and restore my freedom and joy. It takes effort to set aside distractions and seek Him with my whole heart, but the reward is that I will find Him. It’s a promise.

If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…show compassion, trust Jesus’ payment for me, and make sure there is no doubt in God’s eyes about whether I am seeking Him with my whole heart.

heading6 pray

God,
Thank You for taking the punishment for my sin through Jesus. Thank You that when bad things happen, I don’t have to wonder whether You are mad and trying to punish me. You already took care of that through Jesus, and I am fully accepted by You. You have paid for me, and my life is Yours. Teach me to do Your work of compassion and justice.
For Jesus, who will lead the nations to peace.
Amen.



References:
All verses are NASB unless otherwise noted.

Ezra: A Prophet, A Scribe, and a Scattered Flock

“Israel is a scattered flock…” (Jeremiah 50:17a)

OPEN UP:

heading1 overview

Years before the the book of Ezra begins, the prophet Jeremiah foretold events leading up to our study. His prophecy showed that God would take drastic measures to protect His people from destroying themselves — but He would mercifully preserve those who were willing to turn back to Him.

heading2 people places

Prophet: Jeremiah — wrote the book of Jeremiah, which contains prophecies that are fulfilled in Ezra

Scribe: Ezra — wrote the book of Ezra
Ezra will arrive in chapter 7 of his book, to teach the people to follow God.

Scattered Flock: Israel — Israel (a.k.a. Jacob) was a founding father of God’s Chosen People. Israel had 12 sons whose descendants (tribes) settled in the Promised Land. Both the nation and the land are called “Israel” (same as today).


How the Flock of Israel was Scattered:

10 Northern Tribes — Ten of the tribes of Israel, living in the northern part of the land, split off from the others and stopped following God. These tribes were conquered and taken captive first. Their land was never recovered, and most of the survivors were lost to intermarriage.

Southern Kingdom of Judah — The remaining tribes living to the south are referred to as “Judah.” The capital city of Jerusalem is here. Eventually the Judeans (Jews) stopped following God, too. They were taken captive, but God promised He would bring back a small remnant of them. This is what happens in Ezra.

heading3 events

Super-quick recap:
– God chose Israel/Jacob to be a founder of His Chosen People.
– Israel had 12 sons.
– The descendants of these sons settled the Promised Land.
– They fought and split into two kingdoms.
– All of them started worshiping other gods.
– All of them were eventually conquered and/or carried off into captivity.
– A small remnant of the Southern Kingdom was allowed to return to their land. This begins the book of Ezra.

heading4 inquire

Is it egotistical or ethnocentric for God to ask people to worship only Him?

The twelve tribes had been turning away from God for many years, while He patiently tried to show them that they would only destroy themselves this way.

Sure enough, they began sacrificing their own children in the fire to foreign gods (among other injustices)! Oppression of the weak is one of the top sins that makes God so flaming mad in the Old Testament.


“…they made their sons and their daughters pass through the fire… the LORD was very angry…” (2 Kings 17:17-18)

“You slaughtered my children and sacrificed them to the idols.” (Ezekiel 16:21)


Worshiping man-made idols makes no sense:
“Doesn’t it occur to them to say, ‘Half of this tree I used for firewood: I baked bread, roasted meat, and enjoyed a good meal. And now I’ve used the rest to make an abominable no-god. Here I am praying to a stick of wood!'” (Isaiah 44:19, The Message)


We become like whatever we worship:
“They followed worthless idols and became worthless themselves.” (Jeremiah 2:5, NIV)

“Those who make idols end up like them. So does everyone who trusts them.”
(Psalm 135:18, God’s Word Translation)


There is always hope:
But now listen…
This what the Lord says, the one who made you,
formed you from the womb,
and who will help you…
…apart from me there is no God.
Who is like me? Let him proclaim
and declare it…
And let him speak future events;
let them tell him what will happen…
Didn’t I tell you and announce it long ago?

…I have formed you;
…Return to me;
because I’ve redeemed you.”
(Isaiah 44:1-8, 21-22)

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My idol worship may not be as obviously destructive as the Old Testament variety, but any time I value something more than I value God, I end up making unhealthy choices. God promises His help, if I return to Him.

If today were my last day on earth, I would:

…be sure that I understand, live in, and demonstrate God’s forgiveness.

heading6 pray

God,
This is the beginning of a study that is too big and complex for me. My first task now is to worship You alone, above anything else that catches my attention. You are the only living Creator. Only You know how I am formed and what will happen in my future. Only You have the power to help. Thank You for choosing to be merciful and welcoming.

For Jesus, who effectively covered my sins and made them whiter than snow. Amen.

References:
All verses are NASB unless otherwise noted.